Essential reading for product builders—part 2

10 more timeless essays you probably haven’t read but should

Aug 12, 2025

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Less than a month ago I published part 1 of this series, and it’s already my 9th most popular post of all time. This tells me there’s a growing need for curated, thoughtful content as an antidote to the endless slop filling our feeds and inboxes.

To continue building an essential reading library for product leaders, I’ve picked 10 more timeless reads that you probably haven’t read but should. This includes a handful that popped into my mind after I published part 1, suggestions you sent me, and a few honorary mentions for extra credit. The pieces below cover a wide spectrum of advice around growth, leadership, communication, entrepreneurship, and more.

I’m not including books here—that list is yet to come. If you have suggestions for essays I’m still sleeping on, please share them in the comments. 🙏

1. Building Products, by Julie Zhuo

“A product succeeds because it solves a problem for people. This sounds very basic, but it is the single most important thing to understand about building good products.
The first step in building something new is understanding what problem you want to solve, and for whom. This should be crystal clear before you start thinking about any solutions.
The second question you should ask yourself is ‘Why is this particular problem worth solving?’
If the audience you are building for is narrowly defined (and one that you are a part of), then you may be able to rely on your intuition to guide your product decision-making. If not, then you should rely on research and data to inform your decisions.
If you are a start-up founder, your path will be easier if you go after a problem for a narrowly defined audience, and then expand to broader audiences after you have some initial traction.
The problem you’re trying to solve should be easy to communicate in a sentence or two and resonate with someone from your target audience. If not, consider that a big red flag.”

2. Communication Is the Job, by Andrew Bosworth

“When I’m doing a poor job of communicating it can feel like I’m pushing with a rope. I have some clear vision in my head and people just aren’t doing what I expect. It can be a frustrating experience and it is tempting to blame the audience for not understanding. But make no mistake, when this happens, it is your fault. You have to sit down and ask questions from a place of humility to hear what they took away from what you said. Take full responsibility for any discrepancy from what you intended and make corrections with your entire audience.”

3. Executive Communication, by Barbara Minto via Michael Dearing

“The best executive communication starts with ‘Situation.’ The nickname for this is SCQA, or the Pyramid Principle.
The best executive communication starts with the state of affairs. It’s fact-based, unambiguous. It’s totally not controversial. No matter what side of an issue or a hard choice you’re on, you should be able to read the situation and go, ‘That pretty much sums it up.’ Whether you’re on one side or another of an issue, it doesn’t matter. You should read the situation and agree to it. Agree that’s fair.
The next thing that comes out is the complication. A crisp, short statement about what has changed or what’s making things harder. What’s changed, what’s making things harder? The question, the ‘Q,’ falls automatically out of ‘S’ and ‘C’ and it’s almost always ‘What should we do?’ You can save yourself a lot of anxiety if you’re trying to practice this. If you get hung up on ‘Q,’ it’s almost always ‘What should we do?’
‘Answer,’ ‘A,’ answer first at the top of a pyramid. Pyramid-shape your evidence underneath it, and it has to resolve the complication 100%. […] Every conversation in [your] life is an opportunity to SCQA. Friends, loved ones, pets, conversations at the deli counter, everything.”

4. Distribution, by Ben Horowitz

“When I ask new entrepreneurs what their distribution model will be, I often get answers like: ‘I don’t want to hire any of those Rolex-wearing, BMW-driving, overly aggressive enterprise sales slimeballs, so we are going to distribute our product like Dropbox did.’ In addition to taking stereotyping to a whole new level, this answer demonstrates a deep misunderstanding of how sales channels should be designed.
What is a sales channel? It’s a route to market for a product or set of products. It can range from your website to a sophisticated sales force. The sale itself must be supported with the right marketing, process, and optimization strategy. Selecting the right channel is critical for any business—and products often fail because the company chose the wrong route to market.”

5. The Market Curve, by Mike Vernal

“The market you choose to serve is one of the most important factors for an early-stage startup. And for most technologists, it’s a blind spot. To help, we wanted to share one way of thinking about market. […]
The simplest and most important way to think about market size is (a) how many potential customers are there and (b) what might each customer be worth to you. […]
Thinking about the number of customers and the revenue per customer is a tremendously clarifying way to think about a single company.”

6. The Four Fits, by Brian Balfour

“How do you grow? The ‘go-to’ answer for almost every question in startups is ‘build a great product’ or you need ‘product market fit.’ Every time I hear that answer, it feels completely [unsatisfying]. Building a great product is a piece of the puzzle, but it’s far from the full picture. There are terrible products that have reached $1B+ and amazing products that never make it anywhere. Why is that?”